Aside from damage due to feeding, its ability to act as a vector for viruses makes it. Thripidae, with special reference to leucaena glauca. Thripidae originated in western north america and has since become a major pest of vegetables, fruit and ornamental crops across the us and around the world. Western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis pergande home pest management western flower thrips western flower thrips wft are a pest of various stone fruit. Western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis thysanoptera.
Frankliniella occidentalis is very similar to frankliniella borinquen with differences in the shape of pedicel of antennal segment iii frankliniella borinquen has a pedicel swollen, with edged ring surmounted by a distinctive swelling and a slightly flared collar. An frankliniella occidentalis in uska species han insecta nga syahan ginhulagway ni theodore pergande hadton 1895. Thrips have spread throughout the horticulture industry on plugs, cuttings, and small plants. Since the 1970s frankliniella occidentalis has successfully invaded many countries to become one of. Host range of western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis. Article frankliniella occidentalis pergande integrated. The appearance of frankliniella occidentalis pergande in hungary. Control biologico del trips frankliniella occidentalis. Frankliniella occidentalis recognition data distinguishing features. The damage appears as a round or oval white halo around the center oviposition mark. Western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis author. Host range of western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis thysanoptera. Thrips management in greenhouses fact sheet fs762 2012 of the many species of thrips commonly found in greenhouses, flower thrips frankliniella tritici, western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis and chilli thrips scirtothrips dorsalis are most problematic.
An frankliniella occidentalis in nahilalakip ha genus nga frankliniella, ngan familia nga thripidae. Since the 1970s frankliniella occidentalis has successfully invaded many countries to become one of the most important agricultural pests of ornamental. Frankliniella occidentalis western flower thrips in the. Control of western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis. Species scientific name, pests common names, glossary, crops. Frankliniella occidentalis as well as frankliniella schultzei and frankliniella williamsi with a simple pedicel, and length of. Western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis management. Irene and alston, diane, western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis 2011. Temperature plays an important role in shaping insect distributions. Identification, expression profiling and fluorescence. The behavioural responses of adult female western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis pergande to volatiles from meadowsweet filipendula ulmaria, bay laurel laurus. Thripidae, resulted in the worldwide destabilization of established integrated pest management programs for many crops.
Using rtpcr and racepcr strategies, we cloned and identified a new chemosensory protein focccsp from the western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis, a species for which no chemosensory protein csp has yet been identified. Media in category frankliniella occidentalis the following 7 files are in this category, out of 7 total. This document is eny883, one of a series of the entomology and nematology department, ufifas extension. Western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis edis university of.
Pdf maize chlorotic mottle virus mcmv is one of the coinfection pathogens that cause corn maize lethal necrosis, but the transmission. Frankliniella occidentalis, at times causes a noticeable ovipositioning injury on tomato fruit. The western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis pergande thysanoptera. Western flower thrips wft is the primary thrips species encountered by greenhouse producers and is. Frankliniella occidentalis western flower thrips cabi. Insecticide resistance in the western flower thrips, frankliniella. Attribution information, such as the authors name, email, website, or signature, that was once visible in the image itself has been moved into the image metadata andor image description page. A nyugati viragtripsz frankliniella occidentalis pergande megjelenese magyarorszagon.
The focccsp gene contains a 387 bp openreading frame encoding a putative protein of 128 amino acids with a molecular weight of 14. The western flower thrips is the predominant species in the high plains, roll ing plains, and transpecos areas fig. Western flower thrip frankliniella occidentalis is a polyphagous pest with a wide host range, and is one of the most important vectors for plants viruses such as tomato spotted wilt tospovirus tswv, tobacco streak ilarvirus tsv and impatiens necrotic spot tospovirus insv. Effect of elevated co on interactions betwe en the western. The spread of the western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis. The two homozygous color forms, pale and dark, of frankliniella occidentalis pergande, the western flower thrips, were demonstrated for the first time to be similarly able to transmit the tomato spotted wilt virus.
An frankliniella occidentalis in nahilalakip ha genus nga frankliniella, ngan familia nga. The western flower thrips emerged as the key pest problem in central and south florida in. The latest versions of adobe reader do not support viewing pdf files within firefox on mac os and if you are using a modern intel mac, there is no official plugin for viewing pdf files within the. It was introduced and became established in north florida in the mid 1980s. General information about frankliniella occidentalis franoc name language. Control of western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis pupae with metarhizium anisopliae in peat and peat alternative growing media. White netting marks and silvering occur from thrips feeding on nectarine fruits utah state university. Western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis pergande thysanoptera.
Adult longevity a and mean cumulative lifetime fecundity b of frankliniella occidentalis. Frankliniella occidentalis pergande basf detailed picture of damage on lettuce frankliniella occidentalis pergande adult pinot y. Thrips, especially the western flower thrips, or wft frankliniella occidentalis are the main insect pests in many greenhouses. Western flower thrips wft, frankliniella occidentalis, is an invasive worldwide pest that causes great economic loss. Larger yellowish thrips on the right is the western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis. Thripidae, was collected from 44 plant species, and the tobacco thrips, frankliniella fusca hinds, was collected. Thrips are most damaging during the early bulb development stage.
Western flower thrips, utah pests, usu extension, utah state. This virus is one of about twenty known species of tospoviruses pappu et al. Frankliniella occidentalis pergande 1895 thysanoptera. Thripidae from the asianpacific area chinling wang, fengchyi lin, yichung chiu, and hsientzung shih applied zoology division, taiwan agricultural. The spread of the western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis pergande. The western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis pergande is an invasive pest insect in agriculture.
The research being conducted using screens andor positive air pressure for thrips exclusion shows that wft are extremely difficult to exclude because they are so small. Thripidae from the asianpacific area chinling wang, fengchyi lin, yichung chiu, and hsientzung shih applied zoology division, taiwan agricultural research institute, 189 chungcheng road, wufeng, taichung 4, taiwan. Cloyd, and kun yan zhu department of entomology, kansas state university, manhattan, ks 66503 abstract western flower thrips wft, frankliniella occidentalis is an economically important insect pest of greenhouses. Frankliniella bispinosa is a common thrips in florida, the bahamas, and bermuda, but the role of f. However, this species is variable in size and colour, the dark brown form being more common at low temperatures, and the pale yellow form at higher temperatures, but. Epidemics of tomato spotted wilt virus occur frequently in.
There is no difference in transmitting efficiency between the two color forms of f. Thrips pansy spot on mature idared apples utah state university. A new attractant for monitoring western flower thrips, frankliniella. First record of frankliniella occidentalis and impatiens. The spread of the western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis pergande thysanoptera. Taqman realtime quantitative pcr for identification of. Behavioural responses of western flower thrips, frankliniella. Frankliniella occidentalis wikibooks, open books for an. Frankliniella occidentalis compared to yellow sticky traps, but yellow sticky traps have the advantage that they may also be used to monitor for leafminers, aphids, and whiteflies natwick et al. The role of summer weed hosts and the western flower thrips. Frankliniella occidentalis can attack onions, generally, the onion thrips is more common and serious. Another invasive species is the melon thrips, thrips palmi.
Chemical control is important and widely practised, but is often constrained by the secretive habits of f. Pronotum with 2 pairs of large setae on anterior margin. Frankliniella occidentalis franocdocuments eppo global. However, it is possible to reduce thrips invasions from outside the greenhouse by. Documents about frankliniella occidentalis franoc number title download. The maxillae then ingest the fluids from the cells, but not directly from the vascular tissue. Using rtpcr and racepcr strategies, we cloned and identified a new chemosensory protein focccsp from the western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis, a species for which no. Frankliniella occidentalis is the key vector responsible for the emergence of tomato spotted wilt virus as a global threat to agriculture. The western flower thrips, however, is considered the most important vector. Frankliniella occidentalis franocoverview eppo global.
The western flower thrips is a major agricultural and garden pest, affecting hundreds of cultivated and weedy species. Adult females lay individual eggs on the small fruit inside of the flower resulting in halo spots. Western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis p. Summary notes for western flower thrips and banded greenhouse thrips embryogenesis in support of published visual data i. Frankliniella bispinosa is a common thrips in florida, the bahamas, and.
Pdf western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis transmits. The western flower thrips is the predominant species in the high plains, roll. Frankliniella occidentalis is the most economicallyimportant agronomic pest worldwide within thysanoptera because it is a direct pest and an efficient vector of plant pathogenic viruses. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis pergande, a known vector of tomato. Thripidae are native to western north america and are widespread throughout this region. Western flower thrips wft is the primary thrips species encountered by greenhouse producers and is extremely polyphagous, feeding on a widevariety of horticultural crops grown in both commercial and research greenhouses brodsgaard. A new attractant for monitoring western flower thrips. Ctenidia present on tergite viii and it lies anterior to spiracle. Identification, expression profiling and fluorescencebased.
Thrips damage to onions results in both loss of yield and. Wft feeding injury on leaves and flowers of numerous host plants, as well as. Thripidae are one of the most destructive insect pests of. Managing thrips in pepper and eggplant 2 mellinger 2009, weiss et al. Smaller, tan thrips on left is the onion thrips thrips tabaci. Frankliniella occidentalis and hercinothrips femoralis embryogenesis laboratory notes. Earlyseason feeding under the shuck by adults and nymphs scars the fruit. Flower thrips tend to dominate in the remainder of the. Along with the western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis, tswv is also vectored by other thrips species present in hawaii including yellow flower thrips frankliniella schultzei, onion thrips thrips tabaci, and chili thrips scirtothrips dorsalis. They overwinter as adults in the orchard floor or in nearby weedy habitat. It causes damage and spoilage to a vast number of economically important plant species through feeding, oviposition and spread of several plant diseases, most notably. Frankliniella occidentalis was the most abundant vector and comprised 75% of vector species collected from 18 wild plant species during the summer and fall of 2002. Cloyd, and kun yan zhu department of entomology, kansas state university, manhattan, ks 66503 abstract western flower thrips wft, frankliniella occidentalis. Pm100228 eppo a1 and a2 lists of pests recommended for regulation as quarantine pests 2019.
The western flower thrips is the most efficient vector of tomato spotted wilt virus. This species of thrips is native to the southwestern united states but has spread to other continents. Western flower thrips can enter greenhouses through top vents, side vents, doorways, etc. Frankliniella occidentalis browse species thrips of. Pm100228, eppo a1 and a2 lists of pests recommended for regulation as quarantine pests 2019. Western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis pergande 4 biology and behavior western flower thrips has a punchingsucking feeding habit, using the mandible to punch a hole into the host and then inserting the maxillae into the opening. Inra montpellier to read this page in french hyppz on line.
Along with the western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis, tswv is also vectored by other thrips species present in hawaii including yellow flower thrips frankliniella schultzei, onion thrips thrips. Frankliniella occidentalis breeds on a wide range of plants, in flowers and on leaves, and causes serious crop losses both through feeding damage and as an important vector of tospoviruses. Thrips damage to onions results in both loss of yield and reduction in storage quality with bulb onions. The western flower thrips emerged as the key pest problem in central and south florida in 2005 frantz and mellinger 2009 figure 1. Pdf western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis pergande is an important crop pest and a vector of tomato spotted wilt virus tswv in. Western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis pergande. Western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis pergande 6 thrips in the field with sticky traps, but trap catches have rarely been shown to reflect population size accurately or to be accurate predicators.
Frankliniella nubila treherne, 1924 an frankliniella occidentalis 4 5 1 2 6 3 in uska species han insecta nga syahan ginhulagway ni theodore pergande hadton 1895. Western flower thrips, utah pests, usu extension, utah state university extension created date. Thripidae is a major agricultural and horticulture pest worldwide kirk, 2002. Western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis by l. This species of thrips is native to the southwestern united states but has spread to other continents, including europe, australia where it was identified in may 1993, and south america via transport of infested plant material. First record of frankliniella occidentalis and impatiens necrotic spot virus in egypt 692 fig.
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